The body's "stress hormone," cortisol, is being highlighted due to social media users labeling facial swelling as "cortisol face."
Social media users have coined the term "cortisol face" to describe the symptoms of facial edema and puffiness since stress can trigger the production of cortisol, an adrenal gland-produced hormone that occurs naturally.
According to the National Library of Medicine, cortisol influences almost every organ and tissue in the body and aids in the reduction of inflammation, regulation of blood sugar and metabolism, and control of blood pressure.
According to board-certified emergency care physician and ABC News medical contributor Dr. Darien Sutton, the hormone also aids in the body's reaction to stress.
"In times of stress, our bodies increase cortisol production as a part of our fight, flight and freeze response to help protect us in danger," Sutton explained.
The National Library of Medicine states that cortisol levels in the body might indicate problems at either high or low levels.
Low cortisol levels may indicate Addison disease, while high cortisol levels for an extended period of time may cause Cushing's syndrome.
According to Sutton, too high cortisol levels, whether from medicine, a medical condition, or stress, can cause fat to accumulate in the face and give it a rounder appearance.
According to Sutton, elevated cortisol levels can also cause water and salt retention, which can likewise provide the appearance of puffiness on a person's face.
Sutton did point out that modest changes to the face caused by cortisol, such as edema and puffiness, can occur. He also made the point that other factors could alter a person's facial appearance besides cortisol.
"The puffiness of our face can also be due to a variety of different things, for example, diet, medications, thyroid function, how our kidneys are doing, and also how much sleep we're getting," Sutton explained.
According to Sutton, there is no "quick fix" for cortisol levels, therefore consumers should be leery of goods that make this claim.
According to Sutton, stress reduction and restful sleep are two natural ways to balance cortisol levels.
"The best ways to keep your cortisol stable is to go back to the basic ways of living healthy," he stated. "Getting good quality sleep, making sure that you're having a well-balanced diet, limiting added sugar, also getting daily movement and even practicing mindfulness or meditation to help control your stress."
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